Copynix

Chmod Calculator — Unix File Permissions Online

-rw-r--r--

symbolic notation

Read (r)Write (w)Execute (x)#
owner6
group4
other4

What this means

Owner can read, write

Group can read

Others can read

Common Presets

Frequently Asked Questions

What does chmod mean?

chmod stands for 'change mode' — the Unix command used to set file or directory permissions. Permissions control who can read, write, or execute a file: the owner, the group, or others.

What does 755 mean in chmod?

755 means: owner has read+write+execute (7), group has read+execute (5), others have read+execute (5). It is the standard permission for publicly accessible directories and executable files.

What does 644 mean in chmod?

644 means: owner has read+write (6), group has read only (4), others have read only (4). It is the standard permission for regular files like HTML, CSS, or config files.

How do I read symbolic notation like rwxr-xr-x?

Each group of 3 characters represents owner, group, and others. 'r' = read, 'w' = write, 'x' = execute, '-' = no permission. So rwxr-xr-x means owner has full access, group and others have read+execute.